SSU Header
Academics Future Students Current Students Faculty/Staff Alumni/Friends Parents

  Home> Offices> Clark Memorial Library>

Research Strategies
 
  ::  The Library
  ::  Search Strategy
  ::  Topic
  ::  The Web
  ::  Scholarly?
  ::  Reference
  ::  Catalogs
  ::  Articles
  ::  Databases I
  ::  Databases II
  ::  Databases III
  ::  Databases IV
  ::  Quick Search
  ::  Evaluation
  ::  Plagiarism
  ::  Citing
Citing
Citing a source means indicating where you got your information.  In a paper, cite your source by providing a brief citation in the text of the paper and a corresponding full citation in the list of sources at the end of the paper.  Citations may also be called references. 
MLA and APA
Both the MLA and the APA guides to research and documentation are used on the Shawnee State University campus.

MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers, 7th Ed.
Clark Memorial Library Reference LB 2369 .G53 2009

  • At SSU, MLA style is generally preferred in the Fine Arts and in English & the Humanities.  
  • In a paper written in MLA style, the brief citation in the text of your paper usually consists of the author's last name and the page number.  Some or all of this information will be in parentheses.  The corresponding full citation is a complete MLA-style "entry" which you place at the end of your paper in a section called "Works Cited." 
  • Basic information about the MLA format is available at MLA Style .

Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association --"the APA" 
Clark Memorial Library Reference BF 76.7 .P83 2001
APA Style Guide to Electronic References
Clark Memorial Library Reference Counter PN 171 .A63 2007
 

  • At SSU, APA style is generally preferred in the Sciences (Health Sciences, Natural Sciences, and Social Sciences), Business, Education, and Industrial & Engineering Technology. 
  • In a paper written in APA style, the brief citation in the text of your paper usually consists of the author's last name, the year, and the page number.  Some or all of this information will be in parentheses.  The corresponding full citation is a complete APA-style "reference" which you place at the end of your in paper in a section called "References." 
  • Basic information about the APA format is available at APAStyle.org .
  • Harvard University offers an online tutorial APA Exposed.

NoodleBib and EndNote Web
The Department of English and Humanities provides free access to NoodleBib, a basic bibliographic software resource that creates your Works Cited or References page.  Please ask at the Reading and Writing Center (Commons 031) or at Library Reference for the NoodleBib username and password. 

EndNote Web logoOur library's ISI subscription includes access to EndNote Web, a sophisticated personal bibliographic software program that "harvests" citations from the ISI and EBSCOhost databases and transforms them to the bibliographic style of your choice (APA, MLA, etc.) 

EndNote Web allows you to add a "Cite While You Write" tool to your personal computer's Microsoft Word; this tool can place a brief entry in the body of your paper, and EndNote Web will create the corresponding bibliographic citation in your Works Cited or References. 

To set up an account in EndNote Web, while you are on-campus, go to ISI Web of Knowledge and in the menu across the top of the page, click on My EndNote Web.  Click the link to REGISTER and proceed with your personal registration.  After your registration is completed, you will be able to access EndNote Web from any location.  

If you are doing extensive research, you may want to consider purchasing a personal bibliographic software program such as EndNote, ProCite, Reference Manager, or the online product RefWorks.  Librarians currently recommend EndNote because it interfaces seamlessly with EndNote Web. 

Additional Resources
For additional information on citing electronic resources, the following books are also available at the Clark Memorial Library Reference Counter:

  • The Columbia Guide to Online Style by Janice R. Walker and Todd Taylor
  • Electronic Styles : a Handbook for Citing Electronic Information by Xia Li and Nancy B. Crane
  • The book Online! A Reference Guide to Using Internet Sources includes instructions for applying APA, MLA, Chicago, and CBE style rules.
  • Research and Documentation in the Electronic Age, 3rd ed., by Diana Hacker.  An open website Research and Documentation Online includes information added in the 4th edition.

You may also find helpful information in these online resources:

  • Electronic Style--The Final Frontier offers a Web-based guide to citing electronic resources. George H. Hoemann, Coordinator for Distance and Continuing Education at the University of Tennessee at Knoxville, created this page while a graduate student at the School of Information Sciences of at UT Knoxville.

  • Citation Guides for Electronic Documents from the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions provides links to pertinent sites, including web resources in French and Spanish.


Need Help? 

Get help via IM, Chat With a Librarian, email (Reference_Services@Shawnee.edu), or by phoning (740.351.3321).  

If you prefer face-to-face assistance, stop by the Clark Memorial Library Reference Counter or schedule a Research Consultation with a Reference Librarian

Directories Offices Library Search MySSU

This page maintained by Janet Stewart


Shawnee State University
940 Second Street
Portsmouth, Ohio 45662-4344
To_SSU@shawnee.edu
740.351.4SSU
TTY: 740.351.3159

Last Updated:
08.12.2009 01:09 PM

For technical issues, please contact the webmaster at Webmaster@Shawnee.edu
©2004 Shawnee State University